Assessment and Classroom Learning

TitleAssessment and Classroom Learning
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication1998
AuthorsBlack P, Wiliam D
JournalAssessment in Education: principles, policy and practice
Volume5 (1)
Pagination7-74
Keywordsassessment, classroom, learning
Full Text

A review of the literature on classroom formative assessment. The studies referred to in this comprehensive review show firm evidence abouthe influence of test on a number of teaching and learning aspects. It argues that innovations in assessment designed to strengthen the frequent feedback that students receive about their learning yield substantial learning gains. There follows a more detailed and theoretical analysis of the nature of feedback, which provide a basis for discussion of the development of theoretical models for formative assessment and of the prospects for the improvement of practice.